Worj Log: Nov. 8-13

Continuity

Depth Perception(Monocular cues)

The monocular cues are used to judge depth perception

Relative Size
                       When two objects are the same size the object that appears larger will be the closest one, which is why the larges car appears to be the one in front.

Relative Motion
                             is when we perceive a stationary object to be moving when we are moving the closer the object the faster it seems to use. The picture below is trees being passed up by a train the trees look like they are zooming past but actually the train is the one that is moving.

Reversible Figures

Reversible Figures are optical illusions that uses graphical similarity between objects and shapes to cause us to be able to see two or more images. This image is an example that has half of a man's face but it can look as if you are looking at the side of the man's face or half of the front of his face.

Perceptual Constancy: Shape Constancy

Shape Constancy allows our minds to keep objects looking like the same shape despite changing stimulus. In the pictures, the door appears as a rectangle and slowly takes on more of trapezoidal shape but our eyes still perceive it to be a rectangle.

Binocular Clues

Retinal Disparity

By only using one eye the flower on the left looks farther away, but using two eyes the flowers look closer together.  This show's retinal disparity because in order to truly perceive the image and the depths of the two flowers you have to use both of your eyes instead of one.  

Convergence 

The man above has the phone close to his face therefore his eyes have to face inwards to see the phone properly.  Convergence is the neuromuscular cue that the eye must turn inward in order to see objects that are close and outwards to see objects far away.

Perception of Movement (stroboscopic motion)

Stroboscopic motion is caused by aliasing that occurs when continuous motion is represented by a series of short rapid or instantaneous samples. This example is of a fan which shows how our eyes can capture the movement as well because of its rapid short movements.

Phi Phenomenon

The Phi Phenomenon is the rapid sequences of still images create the illusion of motion.

Law of Figure-ground Perception

Law of figure-ground perception occurs when the visual system simpifys a scene into the main object we are looking at and everything else(background). The picture below is a good example because you can see a man blowing fire on a facility, and also the facility blowing up into the night sky depending  on which ever one you see as the main subject.

Continuity

Continuity is the concept that rather than seeing many discontinuous patterns, we tend to see one continuous pattern. Here rather that seeing the tips of the shoes as individual parts of an ellipse, we see a large circle made with all of the tips of the shoes combined.

Law of Proximity

The Law of Proximity states that humans perceive stimuli that are close in proximity to each other by grouping them as part of the same object. Likewise stimuli farther away grouped into different objects. This explains why in the photo with the birds our eyes group them together as one object forming a turtle, even though they are really seperate objects.

Closure

Closure is the concept that our minds fill in gaps to complete objects and shapes. In this photo, we complete the shape made by the hand and combine it with the bottom of a light bulb to make the shape of a full light bulb even though nothing is there.

Monocular Cues

   Interposition

The picture shows a girl in a wheel barrow blocking a girl walking ahead of her.  The girl in the middle looks closest to the girl in the wheel barrow in comparison to the other girls due to interposition.  Interposition is when one things blocks another therefore making the other object look closer than it actually is 

Linear Perspective

In the highway shown in the picture it looks like the outer lines and inner dividing lines eventually converge far in the distance.  This is due to linear perspective which states that parallel lines look like they converge at a certain distance. 

Similarity

The Law of Similarity says a person can recognize stimuli that share a resemblance belong to the same object, and stimuli that differ belong to a different object. The example of the flower bed is good because one can tell where one color ends and one begins.

Size Constancy

Size Constancy

In the image above the woman and the boy look like the same height.  Although it appears that they are both the same height, the boy is actually smaller than the lady.  This is due to the depth of the picture.  Since size constancy is when things appear as different sizes at different depths this picture perfectly exemplifies them.  

Brightness Constancy

Brightness Constancy

Below I have displayed a picture of two candles.  On the left the candles are in a room that's lit whereas on the right the candle is in a dark room.  These two candles represent brightness constancy since both are illuminating the same amount of light but in the dark room it seems that the candle is more radiant since it is in a dark setting.  Regardless of the settings both candles have the same brightness.

Visual Illusion

Visual Illusion

The image above show's a visual illusion since the shadow from the flag makes it seem that the lady on the wood is floating.  Although we perceive the lady as floating the beach is inclined slightly thus making a shadow that looks like the shadow of the wood.

Initially it seems that the man has a long beard with his hands in his pockets but in actuality there's a women in front of him and he is touching her.  This is a visual illusion because there are multiple ways of perceiving one image.

The picture above shows a man and the blonde women holding the women in the black dress, but you can also see it as the women in the black bending over and the blond women being held.  There are multiple ways of perceiving this image therefore it's an example of visual illusion.